![]() ![]() In 2008, the film “City of Ember,” an adaptation of Jeanne DuPrau’s dystopian novel published in 2004, updated the themes that Forster examined nearly 100 years previous. To this day Forster’s themes remain culturally relevant. In so doing, Forster examines the human creation of organized religion and its negative implications in a society. ![]() ![]() “The Machine Stops” examines this society as the citizens become increasingly technologically dependent, the implications of which range from loss of human curiosity to evolutionary stagnation. This haunting tale depicts a futuristic society that lives underground serviced entirely by a complex bureaucratic and technologically based infrastructure that after years of functioning deteriorates and crumbles. Since this influential story was first published the themes and fears that are expressed by Forster have been echoed throughout dystopian science fiction literature. Forster wrote the short story “The Machine Stops,” and in so doing, originated the genre of dystopian fiction. The False Order of Religion from Forster to Hollywood ![]()
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